package com.hdl.photovoltaic.utils;
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import android.Manifest;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
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import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
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import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner;
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import android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback;
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import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
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import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
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import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
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import android.content.Context;
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import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
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import android.os.Build;
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import android.os.Handler;
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import android.os.Looper;
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import android.util.Log;
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import androidx.annotation.RequiresPermission;
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import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
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import com.google.gson.Gson;
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import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.List;
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import java.util.Objects;
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import java.util.UUID;
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/**
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* 手机端通过 BLE 向设备写入 Wi-Fi SSID 和密码的工具类。
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* 典型用法：
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* 1. 创建实例 BleWifiConfigurator configurator = new BleWifiConfigurator(context);
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* 2. 设置自定义 UUID（可选，默认使用常见 UUID）
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* 3. 调用 startScan() 扫描设备
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* 4. 在 onDeviceFound 回调中选择目标设备，调用 connect() 连接
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* 5. 连接成功后调用 writeCredentials(ssid, password) 写入凭证
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* 6. 监听回调处理结果
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*/
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public class BleWifiConfiguratorUtils {
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private static final String TAG = "BleWifiConfigurator";
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// 默认的 UUID（设备端需要定义以下服务和特征）
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//这是主服务，包含所有配网相关的特征。
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public static final UUID DEFAULT_SERVICE_UUID = UUID.fromString("000000ff-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
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//特征值 1: 0000fff1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (SSID)
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//用途：写入 Wi-Fi 的 SSID 名称
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//属性：Write (可写)
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//数据类型：UTF-8 字符串
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//示例："MyWiFi_5G"
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public static final UUID DEFAULT_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("0000ff01-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
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//特征值 3: 0000fff3-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (通知，可选)
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//用途：接收设备端的响应消息
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//属性：Notify (通知)
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//数据类型：UTF-8 字符串
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//示例响应："SUCCESS", "FAIL: Invalid SSID"
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public static final UUID DEFAULT_NOTIFY_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("0000ff01-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"); // 可选，用于接收设备响应
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// 上下文
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private Context context;
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// 蓝牙适配器和扫描器
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private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
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private BluetoothLeScanner bleScanner;
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// GATT 相关
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private BluetoothGatt bluetoothGatt;
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private BluetoothGattService targetService;
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private BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic;
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private BluetoothGattCharacteristic notifyCharacteristic; // 可选
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// 自定义 UUID（允许调用者修改）
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private UUID serviceUuid = DEFAULT_SERVICE_UUID;
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private UUID charUuid = DEFAULT_CHAR_UUID;
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private UUID notifyCharUuid = DEFAULT_NOTIFY_CHAR_UUID;
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// 回调接口
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private ScanListener scanListener;
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private ConnectListener connectListener;
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private WriteListener writeListener;
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// 内部状态
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private boolean isScanning = false;
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private boolean isConnected = false;
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private String dataToWrite; // 待写入的数据
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// 用于将 BLE 回调抛到主线程
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private final Handler callbackHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
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// ==================== 构造函数和设置 ====================
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public BleWifiConfiguratorUtils(Context context) {
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this.context = context.getApplicationContext();
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initBluetooth();
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}
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private void initBluetooth() {
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BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) context.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
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if (bluetoothManager != null) {
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bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
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}
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}
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/**
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* 设置自定义 Service UUID（可选）
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*/
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public void setServiceUuid(UUID serviceUuid) {
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this.serviceUuid = serviceUuid;
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}
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/**
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* 设置自定义特征 UUID（可选）
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*/
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public void setCharUuid(UUID charUuid) {
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this.charUuid = charUuid;
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}
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/**
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* 设置自定义通知特征 UUID（可选，用于接收设备响应）
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*/
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public void setNotifyCharUuid(UUID notifyCharUuid) {
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this.notifyCharUuid = notifyCharUuid;
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}
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/**
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* 检查蓝牙连接状态
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*/
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public boolean getBluetoothStatus() {
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return this.isConnected;
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}
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// ==================== 权限检查 ====================
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/**
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* 检查是否拥有必要的运行时权限（Android 12+ 需动态申请新权限）
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*
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* @return 缺失的权限列表，为空则表示全部拥有
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*/
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public List<String> getMissingPermissions() {
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List<String> missing = new ArrayList<>();
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if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
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//在应用里--权限名称--附近的设备
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if (context.checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN) != android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
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missing.add(android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN);
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Log.d(TAG, "No Permissions: android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN");
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}
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if (context.checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT) != android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
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missing.add(android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT);
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Log.d(TAG, "No Permissions: android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT");
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}
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if (context.checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
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missing.add(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
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Log.d(TAG, "No Permissions: android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION");
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}
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} else {
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if (context.checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
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missing.add(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
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Log.d(TAG, "No Permissions: android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION");
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}
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if (context.checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
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missing.add(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);
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Log.d(TAG, "No Permissions: android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION");
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}
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}
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return missing;
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}
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// ==================== 扫描相关 ====================
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/**
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* 开始扫描 BLE 设备，默认不设置过滤（由 ScanListener 自行判断）
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*
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* @param listener 扫描回调
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*/
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN)
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public void startScan(ScanListener listener) {
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try {
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this.scanListener = listener;
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if (!checkBluetoothEnabled()) {
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notifyScanFailed(ScanListener.ERROR_BLUETOOTH_DISABLED);
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return;
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}
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if (bleScanner == null) {
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bleScanner = bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner();
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if (bleScanner == null) {
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notifyScanFailed(ScanListener.ERROR_SCANNER_NULL);
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return;
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}
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}
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if (isScanning) {
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stopScan();
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}
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ScanSettings settings = new ScanSettings.Builder()
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.setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
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// .setCallbackType(ScanSettings.CALLBACK_TYPE_ALL_MATCHES) //CALLBACK_TYPE_FIRST_MATCH 仅当首次匹配到设备时回调一次// 或 CALLBACK_TYPE_ALL_MATCHES 每次收到广播都回调。
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// .setMatchMode(ScanSettings.MATCH_MODE_AGGRESSIVE)
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// .setNumOfMatches(ScanSettings.MATCH_NUM_MAX_ADVERTISEMENT)
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.build();
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// 可以添加基于 serviceUuid 的过滤，但保留由 listener 自行过滤的灵活性
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List<ScanFilter> filters = new ArrayList<>();
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// 可选：添加服务 UUID 过滤（如果需要）
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// filters.add(new ScanFilter.Builder().setServiceUuid(new ParcelUuid(serviceUuid)).build());
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if (!this.getMissingPermissions().isEmpty()) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> this.scanListener.onScanFailed(ScanListener.ERROR_No_Permissions)); // 没有权限
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return;
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}
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bleScanner.startScan(filters, settings, scanCallback);
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isScanning = true;
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Log.d(TAG, "BLE scan started");
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} catch (Exception e) {
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Log.d(TAG, "BLE scan fail");
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}
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}
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/**
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* 停止扫描
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*/
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN)
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public void stopScan() {
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if (isScanning && bleScanner != null) {
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if (!this.getMissingPermissions().isEmpty()) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> this.scanListener.onScanFailed(ScanListener.ERROR_No_Permissions)); // 没有权限
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return;
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}
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bleScanner.stopScan(scanCallback);
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isScanning = false;
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Log.d(TAG, "BLE scan stopped");
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}
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}
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private final ScanCallback scanCallback = new ScanCallback() {
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@Override
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public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
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BluetoothDevice device = result.getDevice();
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// // 关键：获取设备的蓝牙类型
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// int bluetoothType = device.getType();
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// switch (bluetoothType) {
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// case BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_CLASSIC:
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// Log.d(TAG, "📞 经典蓝牙设备：" + device.getName());
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// // 例如：蓝牙耳机、车载音响
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// break;
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//
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// case BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_LE:
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// Log.d(TAG, "💡 低功耗蓝牙设备：" + device.getName());
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// // 例如：手环、智能灯、你的 HDL 设备
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// break;
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//
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// case BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_DUAL:
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// Log.d(TAG, "🔄 双模设备（支持两种）：" + device.getName());
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// // 例如：高端蓝牙耳机
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// break;
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//
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// case BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
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// Log.d(TAG, "❓ 未知类型");
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// break;
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// }
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Log.d("===", "onDeviceFound: " + Objects.requireNonNull(result.getScanRecord()).getDeviceName());
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// if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
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// if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
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// // TODO: Consider calling
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// // ActivityCompat#requestPermissions
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// // here to request the missing permissions, and then overriding
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// // public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
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// // int[] grantResults)
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// // to handle the case where the user grants the permission. See the documentation
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// // for ActivityCompat#requestPermissions for more details.
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// scanListener.onScanFailed(ScanListener.ERROR_No_Permissions);
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// return;
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// }
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// }
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int rssi = result.getRssi();
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byte[] scanRecord = result.getScanRecord() != null ? result.getScanRecord().getBytes() : null;
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if (scanListener != null) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> scanListener.onDeviceFound(device, rssi, scanRecord, result));
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}
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}
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@Override
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public void onBatchScanResults(List<ScanResult> results) {
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// 批量结果，可根据需要处理
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Log.d("=====", "onDeviceFound: " + new Gson().toJson(results));
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}
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@Override
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public void onScanFailed(int errorCode) {
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Log.e(TAG, "Scan failed, error: " + errorCode);
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notifyScanFailed(errorCode);
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}
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};
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private void notifyScanFailed(int errorCode) {
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if (this.scanListener != null) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> this.scanListener.onScanFailed(errorCode));
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}
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isScanning = false;
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}
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// ==================== 连接相关 ====================
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/**
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* 连接指定的 BLE 设备(系统默认连接超时30秒)
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*
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* @param deviceAddress 目标设备BluetoothDevice
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* @param listener 连接状态回调
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*/
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT)
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public void connect(String deviceAddress, ConnectListener listener) {
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this.connectListener = listener;
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if (!checkBluetoothEnabled()) {
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notifyConnectionFailed("Bluetooth disabled");
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return;
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}
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if (!this.getMissingPermissions().isEmpty()) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> this.connectListener.onConnectionFailed("No permissions")); // 没有权限
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return;
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}
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if (bluetoothGatt != null) {
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bluetoothGatt.disconnect(); // 先断开连接
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bluetoothGatt.close();
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bluetoothGatt = null;
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}
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BluetoothDevice device = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(deviceAddress);
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// 自动连接 = false，避免系统缓存连接
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bluetoothGatt = device.connectGatt(context, false, gattCallback);
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Log.d(TAG, "Connecting to " + device.getAddress());
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}
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/**
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* 断开当前连接
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*/
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public void disconnect() {
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if (bluetoothGatt != null) {
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if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this.context, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
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// TODO: Consider calling
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// ActivityCompat#requestPermissions
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// here to request the missing permissions, and then overriding
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// public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
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// int[] grantResults)
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// to handle the case where the user grants the permission. See the documentation
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// for ActivityCompat#requestPermissions for more details.
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return;
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}
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bluetoothGatt.disconnect();
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bluetoothGatt.close();
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bluetoothGatt = null;
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}
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isConnected = false;
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targetService = null;
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characteristic = null;
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notifyCharacteristic = null;
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}
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private final BluetoothGattCallback gattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT)
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@Override
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public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
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//如果连接超时系统会报133
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if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
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Log.d(TAG, "Connected to GATT server, attempting service discovery");
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gatt.discoverServices();
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} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
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isConnected = false;
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if (connectListener != null) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> connectListener.onDisconnected());
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}
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}//
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}
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT)
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@Override
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public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
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if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
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targetService = gatt.getService(serviceUuid);
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if (targetService == null) {
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Log.e(TAG, "Service not found: " + serviceUuid);
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notifyConnectionFailed("Service not found");
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return;
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}
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characteristic = targetService.getCharacteristic(charUuid);
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notifyCharacteristic = targetService.getCharacteristic(notifyCharUuid);
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if (characteristic == null) {
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Log.e(TAG, "Required characteristics not found");
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notifyConnectionFailed("Characteristics not found");
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return;
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}
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Log.e(TAG, "Required characteristics find");
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// 如果支持通知，可以开启通知（可选）
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if (notifyCharacteristic != null) {
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enableNotification(notifyCharacteristic);
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}
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isConnected = true;
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if (connectListener != null) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> connectListener.onConnected());
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}
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} else {
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Log.e(TAG, "Service discovery failed, status: " + status);
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notifyConnectionFailed("Service discovery failed");
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}
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}
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT)
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@Override
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public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
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boolean success = status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS;
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if (!success) {
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Log.e(TAG, "Write failed, status: " + status);
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if (writeListener != null) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> writeListener.onWriteFailed(status));
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}
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return;
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}
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if (characteristic.getUuid().equals(charUuid)) {
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//写入成功
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if (writeListener != null) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> writeListener.onWriteSuccess());
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callbackHandler.post(() -> writeListener.onWriteComplete(true));
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}
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}
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}
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@Override
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public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
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if (characteristic.getUuid().equals(notifyCharUuid) && writeListener != null) {
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byte[] value = characteristic.getValue();
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String response = new String(value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
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callbackHandler.post(() -> writeListener.onDeviceResponse(response));
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}
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}
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@Override
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public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
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// 通知描述符写入完成，可以忽略
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// if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
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// Log.d(TAG, "通知开启成功，可以接收设备响应了");
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// } else {
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// Log.e(TAG, "通知开启失败：" + status);
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// if (writeListener != null) {
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// callbackHandler.post(() -> writeListener.onWriteFailed(status));
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// }
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// }
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}
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};
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT)
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private void enableNotification(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
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if (bluetoothGatt == null) return;
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if (!this.getMissingPermissions().isEmpty()) {
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return;
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}
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// 第 1 步：在协议栈层面开启通知
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boolean enabled = bluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, true);
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if (enabled) {
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// 第 2 步：获取客户端特征配置描述符 (CCCD)
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// ↑ 00002902 是标准的 CCCD 描述符 UUID
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BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = characteristic.getDescriptor(
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UUID.fromString("00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));
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if (descriptor != null) {
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// 第 3 步：设置描述符的值为 ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE，
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// ↑ 这个值是 byte[]{0x01, 0x00}，告诉设备端"我要订阅通知"
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descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE);
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// 第 4 步：写入描述符到设备
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//↑ 只有写入成功后，告诉设备端，设备才会开始发送通知，
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bluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor);
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Log.e(TAG, "writeDescriptor success");
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}
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}
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}
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private void notifyConnectionFailed(String reason) {
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if (connectListener != null) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> connectListener.onConnectionFailed(reason));
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}
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disconnect();
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}
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// ==================== 写入凭证 ====================
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/**
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* 写入数据（必须在连接成功后调用）
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*
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* @param data 数据
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* @param listener 写入结果回调
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*/
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT)
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public void writeCredentials(String data, WriteListener listener) {
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this.writeListener = listener;
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if (!isConnected || characteristic == null) {
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if (listener != null) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> listener.onWriteFailed(-1)); // 自定义错误码
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}
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return;
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}
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// 开始写
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writeCharacteristic(characteristic, data);
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}
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT)
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private void writeCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, String value) {
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if (!this.getMissingPermissions().isEmpty()) {
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callbackHandler.post(() -> this.writeListener.onWriteFailed(-2)); // 没有权限
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return;
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}
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characteristic.setValue(value.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
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characteristic.setWriteType(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.WRITE_TYPE_DEFAULT);
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bluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(characteristic);
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}
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// ==================== 工具方法 ====================
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/**
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* 检查蓝牙是否开启
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*/
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public boolean checkBluetoothEnabled() {
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return bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();
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}
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/**
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* 释放资源（在 Activity/Fragment 销毁时调用）
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*/
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@RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN)
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public void release() {
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stopScan();
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disconnect();
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}
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// ==================== 回调接口定义 ====================
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public interface ScanListener {
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/**
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* 蓝牙没有开启
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*/
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int ERROR_BLUETOOTH_DISABLED = 1;
|
int ERROR_SCANNER_NULL = 2;
|
int ERROR_No_Permissions = 3;
|
|
/**
|
* 发现设备（可能多次回调）
|
*/
|
void onDeviceFound(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord, ScanResult scanResult);
|
|
/**
|
* 扫描失败
|
*/
|
void onScanFailed(int errorCode);
|
}
|
|
public interface ConnectListener {
|
/**
|
* 连接成功，服务已发现，特征已获取
|
*/
|
void onConnected();
|
|
/**
|
* 连接断开（包括主动断开和意外断开）
|
*/
|
void onDisconnected();
|
|
/**
|
* 连接失败（服务未找到、特征缺失、GATT 错误等）
|
*/
|
void onConnectionFailed(String reason);
|
}
|
|
public interface WriteListener {
|
/**
|
* 写入成功
|
*/
|
void onWriteSuccess();
|
|
/**
|
* 全部写入完成（成功为 true）
|
*/
|
void onWriteComplete(boolean success);
|
|
/**
|
* 写入失败
|
*/
|
void onWriteFailed(int status);
|
|
/**
|
* 设备通过通知返回的响应（如果有）
|
*/
|
void onDeviceResponse(String response);
|
}
|
}
|
